no protest_name s_time e_time #tweets year duration Scale Scope_issues area ISO Regime_Democracy SMO_Leaders Symbolic_Figures Figures_Name Offline Kind_Movement Goal Self_Disclosure Twitter_Penetration Theme_political Theme_economic Theme_environmental Theme_social Theme_others Protester_Violence Key_Participants Number_Participants Injuries_total Police_injuries Deaths_total Police_deaths Arrested Reoccurrence Length_Days State_response_accomendation Acceptance Advantage State_response_distraction State_response_repression Physical_repression Legal_repression State_response_ignore Ignore Attrition Outcome Longterm Wikipedia Keywords_trends Keywords_news Paper_index Publication_Year Authors Article_Title
1 RefugeesWelcome 2015-09-01 2016-04-30 1274652 2015 242 transnational NA EU DEU NA yes yes Alan Kurdi yes non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes policy revision NA NA NA NA 287 2019 Barisione, M; Michailidou, A; Airoldi, M Understanding a digital movement of opinion: the case of #RefugeesWelcome
2 #OscarsSoWhite 2016-01-01 2018-12-31 578497 2016 1095 national NA NA NA NA no no NA no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 449 2020 Gutierrez, A Situating Representation As a Form of Erasure: #OscarsSoWhite, Black Twitter, and Latinx Twitter
3 Advanced Energy for Life 2014-01-01 2017-03-31 570585 2014 1185 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA yes non-election campaign others no NA no no yes no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no unclear no no no no no no no yes yes yes fail NA NA NA NA 301 2019 Demetrious, K 'Energy wars': Global PR and public debate in the 21st century
4 World Mental Health Day 2018-10-10 2018-11-10 13390 2018 31 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 yes ongoing yes NA NA no no no no no no no other reactions NA NA NA NA 343 2019 Nelson, A Ups and Downs: Social Media Advocacy of Bipolar Disorder on World Mental Health Day
5 US Presidential Election 2016 2016-11-08 2017-01-22 4860351 2016 75 national NA NA NA democracy yes yes Donald Trump yes election campaign reform no NA yes no no no no no general public >1.4, millions 0 0 0 0 0 yes 238 yes NA NA no no no no no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 291 2019 Boatwright, B; Mazer, JP; Beach, S The 2016. U.S. Presidential Election and Transition Events: A Social Media Volume and Sentiment Analysis
6 Chilean Presidential Election 2013-10-17 2013-12-17 215271 2013 61 national NA SA NA democracy yes yes Michelle Bachelet, Evelyn Matthei yes election campaign reform no NA yes no no no no no general public NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear yes 28 yes yes yes no no no no no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 99 2015 Sajuria, J; vanHeerde-Hudson, J; Hudson, D; Dasandi, N; Theocharis, Y Tweeting Alone? An Analysis of Bridging and Bonding Social Capital in Online Networks
7 Radical Left Movement 2013-01-01 2015-12-31 5107469 2013 1094 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes general public unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear yes ongoing yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes policy revision NA NA NA NA 125 2016 Galis, V; Neumayer, C Laying Claim to Social Media by Activists: A Cyber-Material Detoumement
8 Same-Sex Marriage 2015-05-27 2015-08-24 3432782 2015 89 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes others reform yes NA yes no no yes no no general public unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes NA NA yes yes NA NA yes NA NA policy revision NA NA NA NA 369 2020 Adams-Cohen, NJ Policy Change and Public Opinion: Measuring Shifting Political Sentiment With Social Media Data
9 Stop TTIP 2013-02-01 2015-12-31 1912191 2013 1063 transnational NA EU NA NA no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no 1063 yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 281 2018 Von Nordheim, G; Boczek, K; Koppers, L; Erdmann, E Reuniting a Divided Public? Tracing the TTIP Debate on Twitter and in Traditional Media
10 Feminism 2017 2017-05-01 2017-06-30 1185195 2017 60 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 520 2021 Scarborough, WJ; Helmuth, AS How Cultural Environments Shape Online Sentiment Toward Social Movements: Place Character and Support for Feminism*
11 Climate Change 2012 2012-10-15 2012-11-15 528665 2012 31 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others no NA no no yes no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 135 2016 Jacques, PJ; Knox, CC Hurricanes and hegemony: A qualitative analysis of micro-level climate change denial discourses
12 Animal-Welfare Netherlands 2015-07-01 2017-06-30 17710 2015 730 national NA EU NA democracy yes no NA yes non-election campaign others no NA no no no no yes no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 yes ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 535 2021 Wonneberger, A; Hellsten, IR; Jacobs, SHJ Hashtag activism and the configuration of counterpublics: Dutch animal welfare debates on Twitter
13 Venezuelan Protests 2017 2017-06-01 2017-09-04 1718876 2017 95 national NA SA NA semi-democracy yes yes Nicolás Maduro yes protest revolutionary no NA yes yes -> no no no no yes general public 2.5-6 millions >15000 unclear 165 unclear 4848 no 134 no no no yes yes yes yes no no no major policy change NA NA NA NA 503 2021 Morselli, D; Passini, S; McGarty, C Sos Venezuela: an analysis of the anti-Maduro protest movements using Twitter
14 Occupy Movement 2011-06-05 2012-07-31 16044303 2011 422 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public unclear >400 unclear 32 unclear >7700 no >2527 yes NA NA yes yes NA NA yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 159 2016 Vasi, IB; Suh, CS ONLINE ACTIVITIES, SPATIAL PROXIMITY, AND THE DIFFUSION OF THE OCCUPY WALL STREET MOVEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
15 Snow Revolution (Russian Protests 2011_2012) 2011-11-17 2012-03-12 9552352 2011 116 national NA EU NA semi-democracy yes yes Alexey Navalny, Putin yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no no general public 1.6millions >80 unclear unclear unclear >1000 no 592 no no no no yes NA NA no no no fail NA NA NA NA 214 2017 Spaiser, V; Chadefaux, T; Donnay, K; Russmann, F; Helbing, D Communication power struggles on social media: A case study of the 2011-12 Russian protests
16 March for Our Lives 2018-02-14 2018-07-14 9395263 2018 150 national NA NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no no general public >1.2 millions 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing ->1 yes NA NA no no no no no no no major policy change NA NA NA NA 542 2021 Zoller, HM; Casteel, D #March for Our Lives: Health Activism, Diagnostic Framing, Gun Control, and the Gun Industry
17 Dakota Access Pipeline Protests 2016-07-27 2017-10-31 7166172 2016 461 national NA NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes yes no no general public thousands 300 unclear 1 unclear >800 no ongoing or 328 yes NA NA no yes NA NA yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 447 2020 Boscarino, JE Constructing visual policy narratives in new media: the case of the Dakota Access Pipeline
18 Ayotzinapa Protest 2014-09-30 2014-12-31 7047654 2014 92 national NA NA NA democracy no yes 43 Missing students yes protest others no NA yes no no no no no general public >50000 unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear yes ongoing yes NA NA no no no no no no no other reactions NA NA NA NA 183 2017 Harlow, S; Salaverria, R; Kilgo, DK; Garcia-Perdomo, V Protest Paradigm in Multimedia: Social Media Sharing of Coverage About the Crime of Ayotzinapa, Mexico
19 White Supremism after 311 Tsunamis 2011-03-15 2014-05-03 3555760 2011 1145 national NA NA NA democracy no no NA no others others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 148 2016 Oh, DC Payback for Pearl Harbor'': Racist Ideologies Online of Karmic Retribution for White America and Postracial Resistance
20 Occupy Oakland 2011-10-19 2011-12-31 3230965 2011 73 local NA NA NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public 7000-100000 >4 unclear 0 0 409 no 42 no no no no yes NA NA yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 34 2014 Agarwal, SD; Bennett, WL; Johnson, CN; Walker, S A Model of Crowd-Enabled Organization: Theory and Methods for Understanding the Role of Twitter in the Occupy Protests
21 Fridays for Future (School Strike for Climate) 2019-06-07 2020-05-29 2676078 2019 357 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Greta Thunberg yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no young 6 millions 0 0 0 0 0 yes ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 482 2021 Hassler, J; Wurst, AK; Jungblut, M; Schlosser, K Influence of the pandemic lockdown on Fridays for Future's hashtag activism
22 Boğaziçi University Protests 2020-01-01 2021-02-05 2375259 2020 401 local NA AS NA democracy no yes Melih Bulu yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no no young thousands unclear unclear unclear unclear 560 no 192 yes NA NA no yes NA NA no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 548 2021 Baloglu, U Trolls, Pressure, and Agenda: The Discursive Fight on Twitter in Turkey
23 Charlie Hebdo Protest 2015-01-11 2015-02-11 2192873 2015 31 national NA EU NA democracy no yes 8 Cartoonists yes protest others no NA no no no yes no no general public >3.7 millions 0 0 0 0 0 no 11 yes NA NA no no no no no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 325 2019 Larson, JM; Nagler, J; Ronen, J; Tucker, JA Social Networks and Protest Participation: Evidence from 130 Million Twitter Users
24 Hashtag Campain Turkish Women 2015-01-01 2019-12-31 1726289 2015 1825 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no yes Female victims no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 425 2020 Ogan, CL; Bas, O Use of Social Media in the Struggle Surrounding Violence Against Turkish Women
25 The Wolf Pack 2018-04-26 2018-08-30 1610841 2018 126 national local EU NA democracy no yes 5 men in 'Wolf Pack' case no non-election campaign reform no NA yes no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 126 yes yes yes no no no no no no no major policy change continue NA NA NA 324 2019 Larrondo, A; Gras, JMI; Terradillos, JO Feminist hashtag activism in Spain: measuring the degree of politicisation of online discourse on #YoSiTeCreo, #HermanaYoSiTeCreo, #Cuentalo y #NoEstasSola
26 Women’s Movements 2014-02-01 2015-05-10 1336545 2014 463 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes non-election campaign reform yes NA yes no no yes no no women NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes NA NA yes yes NA NA yes yes yes major policy change NA NA NA NA 543 2021 Bozarth, L; Budak, C Beyond the eye-catchers: A large-scale study of social movement organizations' involvement in online protests
27 Latin American Feminism 2020-11-01 2020-12-31 1289753 2020 60 transnational NA SA NA NA no no NA no others others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes major policy change NA NA NA NA 527 2021 Sued, GE; Castillo-Gonzalez, MC; Pedraza, C; Flores-Marquez, D; Alamo, S; Ortiz, M; Lugo, N; Arroyo, RE Vernacular Visibility and Algorithmic Resistance in the Public Expression of Latin American Feminism
28 Movember 2012 2012-10-31 2012-12-01 1245024 2012 31 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no men NA, >6millions 0 0 0 0 0 yes 31 no no NA no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 134 2016 Jacobson, J; Mascaro, C Movember: Twitter Conversations of a Hairy Social Movement
29 Green New Deal 2019-06-01 2019-12-31 1204755 2019 213 national NA NA NA NA yes no NA yes non-election campaign reform no NA no no yes no no no general public >1400 0 0 0 0 51 no ongoing yes NA NA no no no no no no no other reactions NA NA NA NA 539 2021 Yang, AM; Taylor, M From Organizational-Centric Engagement to Network-Centric Engagement: The Role of Autonomous Public Communities in a Mediated Public Policy Advocacy Network
30 American Descendants of Slavery 2019-02-01 2019-12-12 1080237 2019 314 national NA NA NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign reform no NA no no no yes no no radical minority thousands 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 495 2021 Linvill, DL; Henderson, WJ; Mikkilineni, S Divisive Social Movement on Social Media: Examining #ADOS
31 The Statue of Liberty Protest of Patricia Okoumou 2018-06-01 2020-07-31 1036628 2018 791 local NA NA NA democracy yes yes Therese Patricia Okoumou yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no radical minority 41 0 0 0 0 8 no 2 no no no no yes NA NA no no no NA NA NA NA NA 480 2021 Grant, R; Brown, V As High as I Could: Media Discourse Shaping Patricia Okoumou's Statue of Liberty Protest
32 Maple Spring (Quebec Student Protests 2012) 2012-04-22 2012-07-31 873327 2012 100 local NA NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no yes no no no yes young 31600 >41 unclear 0 0 3509 no 207 yes NA NA no yes NA NA no no no major policy change NA NA NA NA 151 2016 Raynauld, V; Lalancette, M; Tourigny-Kone, S Political protest 2.0: Social media and the 2012 student strike in the province of Quebec, Canada
33 Anti-Vaccination 2015-02-01 2015-03-09 840260 2015 36 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes others others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes NA contraction NA NA NA 367 2019 Yuan, XY; Schuchard, RJ; Crooks, AT Examining Emergent Communities and Social Bots Within the Polarized Online Vaccination Debate in Twitter
34 Tea Party Movement 2013-06-01 2013-08-31 782119 2013 91 national NA NA NA democracy no yes Obama yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public 0.5millions unclear unclear 0 0 unclear no 342 no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 33 2014 Agarwal, SD; Barthel, ML; Rost, C; Borning, A; Bennett, WL; Johnson, CN Grassroots organizing in the digital age: considering values and technology in Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street
35 Women’s Movements in India 2013-01-16 2014-01-16 772663 2013 365 national NA AS NA democracy no no NA yes non-election campaign reform yes NA yes no no yes no no women NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes yes yes no yes NA NA no no no major policy change continue NA NA NA 94 2015 Poell, T; Rajagopalan, S Connecting Activists and Journalists Twitter communication in the aftermath of the 2012 Delhi rape
36 Anti Aadhaar movement 2017-12-15 2018-01-25 573034 2017 41 national NA AS NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no general public NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no 453 yes NA NA no no no no no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 523 2021 Shahin, S; Ng, YMM Connective action or collective inertia? Emotion, cognition, and the limits of digitally networked resistance
37 #FreeAJStaff movement 2013-12-29 2015-10-31 473027 2013 671 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Peter Grest, Mohamed Fahmy, Baher Mohamed yes protest reform yes NA yes no no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 671 yes NA NA no no no no no no no policy revision no NA NA NA 249 2018 Isa, D; Himelboim, I A Social Networks Approach to Online Social Movement: Social Mediators and Mediated Content in #FreeAJStaff Twitter Network
38 KeystoneXL 2010-01-01 2014-10-30 466339 2010 1763 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public 35000 unclear unclear 0 0 >1399 no 3551 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no policy revision no NA NA NA 131 2016 Hodges, HE; Stocking, G A pipeline of tweets: environmental movements' use of Twitter in response to the Keystone XL pipeline
39 Sexual Assault Disclosure 2018-08-01 2018-11-30 439215 2018 121 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 unclear no ongoing yes yes yes yes yes no yes yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 394 2020 Deal, BE; Martinez, LS; Spitzberg, BH; Tsou, MH I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped ... #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter
40 Boycott/Buycott Trump 2016-10-01 2017-09-30 381435 2016 364 transnational national NA NA democracy yes yes Donald Trump Ivanka Trump no non-election campaign others no NA yes no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 364 yes yes -> no no no no no no yes yes no NA no NA NA NA 439 2020 Tsai, WHS; Tao, WT; Chuan, CH; Hong, C Echo chambers and social mediators in public advocacy issue networks
41 The People’s Assembly 2015-05-07 2016-01-20 296799 2015 258 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes others reform no NA yes no no yes no no general public >250000 unclear unclear 0 0 unclear no ongoing yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 265 2018 Mercea, D; Yilmaz, KE Movement social learning on Twitter: The case of the People's Assembly
42 Not1More 2013-01-01 2014-08-31 226413 2013 607 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA NA non-election campaign reform no NA no no no yes no no general public thousands unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no 607 yes yes yes no no no no no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 279 2018 van Haperen, S; Nicholls, W; Uitermark, J Building protest online: engagement with the digitally networked #not1more protest campaign on Twitter
43 Coal Seam Gas Mobilisation in Australia 2011-06-01 2012-05-31 207447 2011 365 national national OA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public thousands unclear 0 1 0 unclear no ongoing yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 48 2014 Kuch, D; Titus, A Emerging Dimensions of Networked Energy Citizenship: the case of Coal Seam Gas mobilisation in Australia
44 #SayHerName 2016-01-19 2016-10-14 203185 2016 269 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA yes non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no general public >600 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes no no no no no no no yes no NA continue NA NA NA 171 2017 Brown, M; Ray, R; Summers, E; Fraistat, N #SayHerName: a case study of intersectional social media activism
45 The Wave Copenhagen 2009-11-28 2010-02-20 165109 2009 84 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest others no NA no no yes no no no general public 50000 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 yes yes no no no no no no no no NA continue NA NA NA 7 2011 Segerberg, A; Bennett, WL Social Media and the Organization of Collective Action: Using Twitter to Explore the Ecologies of Two Climate Change Protests
46 #Tarifazo 2016-07-08 2016-08-20 135861 2016 43 national local SA NA democracy no yes Mauricio Macri, Juan José Aranguren yes protest reform no NA no yes no no no no general public 400000 unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no 50 yes yes yes no no no no no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 225 2018 Aruguete, N; Calvo, E Time to #Protest: Selective Exposure, Cascading Activation, and Framing in Social Media
47 #fertilityday in Italy 2016-07-25 2016-10-22 133196 2016 89 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 89 yes yes no no no no no no no no fail contraction NA NA NA 441 2020 Vicari, S; Iannelli, L; Zurovac, E Political hashtag publics and counter-visuality: a case study of #fertilityday in Italy
48 #distractinglysexy 2015-06-10 2016-03-06 126095 2015 270 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Tim Hunt no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 123 yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 384 2020 Brantner, C; Lobinger, K; Stehling, M Memes against sexism? A multi-method analysis of the feminist protest hashtag #distractinglysexy and its resonance in the mainstream news media
49 Flood Wall Street 2014 2014-01-01 2014-12-31 111953 2014 364 local transnational NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest others no NA no no yes no no no general public several thousand unclear unclear 0 0 >100 no 1 yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 481 2021 Greenwalt, D Becoming Flood: Composing Anxious Assemblages in Flood Wall Street
50 #metwo Movement 2018-07-27 2018-08-31 95451 2018 35 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no radical minority NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 379 2020 Berg, S; Konig, T; Koster, AK Political Opinion Formation as Epistemic Practice: The Hashtag Assemblage of #metwo
51 German Femilism 2013 2013-01-25 2013-03-14 90178 2013 48 national national EU NA democracy yes yes Rainer Brüderle no others others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 48 yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 124 2016 Drueke, R; Zobl, E Online feminist protest against sexism: the German-language hashtag #aufschrei
52 120 Decibels 2018-01-30 2018-05-31 76572 2018 121 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA yes non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no other social groups dozen 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA contraction NA NA NA 450 2020 Knupfer, C; Hoffmann, M; Voskresenskii, V HijackingMeToo: transnational dynamics and networked frame contestation on the far right in the case of the '120 decibels' campaign
53 Austrian Student Protests 2009 2009-10-22 2009-12-21 62690 2009 60 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no no yes no young 40000 unclear unclear 0 0 NA no 204 yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 14 2012 Maireder, A; Schwarzenegger, C A MOVEMENT OF CONNECTED INDIVIDUALS Social media in the Austrian student protests 2009
54 Anti-Austerity Movement in Greece 2011-06-05 2011-10-16 53852 2011 133 national national EU NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no yes general public 500000 >348 >40 6 0 >150 no 897 no no no no yes yes yes no no no other reactions contraction NA NA NA 104 2015 Theocharis, Y; Lowe, W; van Deth, JW; Garcia-Albacete, G Using Twitter to mobilize protest action: online mobilization patterns and action repertoires in the Occupy Wall Street, Indignados, and Aganaktismenoi movements
55 Granada Hospital Debate 2016-11-27 2017-02-28 48137 2016 93 local national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no general public 45000 0 0 0 0 0 no 1128 yes yes yes no no no no no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 415 2020 Masip, P; Ruiz-Caballero, C; Suau, J; Puertas, D Media and Twitter Agendas for Social Mobilizations: The Case of the Protests in Defense of the Public Healthcare System in Spain
56 IF Campaign 2013-01-23 2013-10-16 47211 2013 266 national transnational EU NA democracy yes no NA yes non-election campaign reform no NA no no no yes no no general public 45000 0 0 0 0 0 no 266 yes yes yes no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 99 2015 Sajuria, J; vanHeerde-Hudson, J; Hudson, D; Dasandi, N; Theocharis, Y Tweeting Alone? An Analysis of Bridging and Bonding Social Capital in Online Networks
57 Umbrella Movement 2014-09-26 2014-12-15 44356 2014 80 national national AS NA authoritarian yes yes Leung Chun-ying, Tai Yiu-ting, Chan Kin-man, Chu Yiu-ming yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no young 1.2 millions >926 130 0 0 1088 no 81 no no no no yes yes yes yes yes yes fail continue NA NA NA 219 2017 Wetzstein, I The Visual Discourse of Protest Movements on Twitter: The Case of Hong Kong 2014
58 The Black Digital Syllabus Movement 2014-01-01 2017-12-31 40602 2014 1460 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no other social groups NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes no NA continue NA NA NA 389 2020 Clark, MD Remaking the #Syllabus: Crowdsourcing Resistance Praxis as Critical Public Pedagogy
59 Global Protests 2011 2011-09-15 2011-11-15 25927 2011 61 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public >1.1 millions >135 105 0 0 >950 no 1 yes yes no yes yes yes yes yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 32 2013 Vicari, S Public reasoning around social contention: A case study of Twitter use in the Italian mobilization for global change
60 Roşia Montană Protest 2013-09-01 2013-11-30 21777 2013 90 transnational national GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public 200000 2 unclear 0 0 >127 no 163 yes yes yes no yes no yes no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 263 2018 Mercea, D Transnational activism in support of national protest: questions of identity and organization
61 #FacesOfProstitution 2015-03-28 2015-10-20 13537 2015 206 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 206 no no no no no no yes yes yes yes NA no NA NA NA 419 2020 Middleweek, B Pussy power not pity porn: Embodied protest in the #FacesOfProstitution Twitter network
62 NOTAP Movement 2018 2018-10-01 2019-06-30 12564 2018 272 national national EU NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public 1000 unclear unclear 0 0 92 no ongoing no no no no yes yes yes no no no fail contraction NA NA NA 544 2021 Di Ronco, A; Allen-Robertson, J Representations of environmental protest on the ground and in the cloud: The NOTAP protests in activist practice and social visual media
63 Climate Strikes in India 2019 2019-09-01 2019-12-31 12262 2019 121 national transnational AS NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no young 14000 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 490 2021 Khan, A; Natarajan, S; Bhalla, S Climate Strikes in Millennial India: Social Capital and On-Ground Networks in Digital-First Movements
64 Alt-Right & Antifa 2018-04-15 2018-08-15 208850 2018 122 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no yes other social groups NA unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 443 2020 Xu, WAW Mapping Connective Actions in the Global Alt-Right and Antifa Counterpublics
65 Climate Change 2015-16 2015-11-11 2016-06-29 2309228 2015 231 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others no NA no no yes no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 276 2018 Stier, S; Schunemann, WJ; Steiger, S Of activists and gatekeepers: Temporal and structural properties of policy networks on Twitter
66 Women's March 2017 2017-01-20 2017-01-27 6167351 2017 7 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Donald Trump yes protest reform -> others no NA yes no no yes no no women 3-5 millions 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing ->1 no no no yes no no no yes yes yes NA-> other reactions NA NA NA NA 291 2019 Boatwright, B; Mazer, JP; Beach, S The 2016. U.S. Presidential Election and Transition Events: A Social Media Volume and Sentiment Analysis
67 March for Our Lives 2018-03-23 2018-03-25 2146698 2018 2 national NA NA NA NA yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no no general public >1.2 millions 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 yes yes yes no no no no no no no major policy change NA NA NA NA 541 2021 Zhou, A; Yang, AM The Longitudinal Dimension of Social-Mediated Movements: Hidden Brokerage and the Unsung Tales of Movement Spilloverers
68 YesAllWomen 2014-05-23 2014-06-06 1197796 2014 14 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA no yes -> no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 133 2016 Jackson, SJ; Banaszczyk, S Digital Standpoints: Debating Gendered Violence and Racial Exclusions in the Feminist Counterpublic
69 Protests in Brazil 2013 2013-06-13 2013-06-29 1139120 2013 16 national NA SA NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no -> yes no yes -> no no yes general public >2 millions 100 unclear >13 unclear 250 no 50 yes yes yes no yes NA NA no no no major policy change NA NA NA NA 66 2015 Bastos, MT; Mercea, D; Charpentier, A Tents, Tweets, and Events: The Interplay Between Ongoing Protests and Social Media
70 Baltimore Protest 2015 2015-04-26 2015-04-30 911092 2015 4 local NA NA NA democracy no yes Freddie Gray yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no yes radical minority thousands 115 unclear 0 0 486 no 17 yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no other reactions NA NA NA NA 365 2019 Welles, BF; Jackson, SJ The Battle for #Baltimore: Networked Counterpublics and the Contested Framing of Urban Unrest
71 Iranian Green Movement 2009 2009-06-01 2009-06-30 886948 2009 29 national NA AS NA authoritarian no -> yes yes Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Mehdi Karroubi yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes general public 2-3 millions >100 unclear 72 unclear 4000 no 542 yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no fail NA NA NA NA 15 2012 Mueller, PS; van Huellen, S A Revolution in 140 Characters? Reflecting on the Role of Social Networking Technologies in the 2009 Iranian Post-Election Protests
72 Women’s March 2018 2018-01-21 2018-01-23 862248 2018 2 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Donald Trump yes protest others no NA yes no no yes no no women 300000 0 0 0 0 0 yes 1 no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions NA NA NA NA 314 2019 Graefer, A; Kilby, A; Bore, ILK Unruly Women and Carnivalesque Countercontrol: Offensive Humor in Mediated Social Protest
73 Nirbhaya Movement 2012-13 2012-12-17 2012-12-26 769210 2012 9 national NA AS NA democracy yes yes Jyoti Singh yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no yes general public >4000 >100 60 1 0 >8 no 9 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 161 2017 Ahmed, S; Jaidka, K; Cho, J Tweeting India's Nirbhaya protest: a study of emotional dynamics in an online social movement
74 Women's Strike in Spain 2019 2019-03-04 2019-03-09 550800 2019 5 national NA EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no women 6 millions 0 0 0 0 0 yes 1 yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 465 2021 Calvo, D; Campos-Dominguez, E; Simon-Astudillo, I Towards a Critical Understanding of Social Networks for the Feminist Movement: Twitter and the Women's Strike
75 Gamonal Revolt 2014 2014-01-10 2014-01-19 534697 2014 9 local NA EU NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no yes general public >8000 >12 unclear 0 0 46 yes 7 yes yes yes no yes yes NA no no no policy revision no NA NA NA 244 2018 Hermida, A; Hernandez-Santaolalla, V Twitter and video activism as tools for counter-surveillance: the case of social protests in Spain
76 Occupy Nigeria 2012-01-09 2012-01-16 379328 2012 7 national NA AF NA semi-democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no yes general public 20000-40000 >31 unclear 16 unclear unclear no 12 yes yes yes no yes yes NA no no no policy revision NA NA NA NA 74 2015 Egbunike, N; Olorunnisola, A Social media and the #Occupy Nigeria Protests: Igniting or damping a Harmattan storm?
77 Stop the Bans 2019-05-21 2019-06-20 243712 2019 30 national NA NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no yes no no general public tens of thousands 0 0 0 0 0 no 30 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 541 2021 Zhou, A; Yang, AM The Longitudinal Dimension of Social-Mediated Movements: Hidden Brokerage and the Unsung Tales of Movement Spilloverers
78 London Riots 2011 2011-08-10 2011-08-12 231531 2011 2 local NA EU NA democracy no yes Mark Duggan yes protest others no NA yes no no yes no yes men 15000 206 unclear 5 unclear 3000-4000 no 5 no no no no yes NA NA no no no NA NA NA NA NA 348 2019 Pond, P; Lewis, J Riots and Twitter: connective politics, social media and framing discourses in the digital public sphere
79 Bersih 4 Rally 2015-08-28 2015-08-31 221403 2015 3 transnational national AS NA semi-democracy yes yes Najib Razak yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no general public 50000-200000 16 unclear 0 0 26 yes 2 no no no no yes NA NA yes yes yes NA NA NA NA NA 373 2020 Azlan, NA The Hashtag Game: Disrupting Dissent during the Bersih 4 Protest
80 People’s Climate March 2014 2014-09-20 2014-09-22 220724 2014 2 transnational NA GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public 600000 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 yes NA NA no no no no no no no other reactions NA NA NA NA 156 2016 Thorson, K; Edgerly, S; Kligler-Vilenchik, N; Xu, Y; Wang, LP Seeking Visibility in a Big Tent: Digital Communication and the People's Climate March
81 #deleteuber Controversy 2017 2017-01-28 2017-02-06 210223 2017 9 national national NA NA democracy no yes Travis Kalanick no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 10 no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 534 2021 Williams, MG; Mukherjee, I; Utsey, C Mobility and affect in the #deletuber mo(ve)ment
82 Greek Bailout Referendum July 2015 2015-06-26 2015-07-15 209733 2015 19 national transnational EU NA democracy yes yes Alexis Tsipras yes election campaign reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public >45000 unclear unclear 0 0 2 no 19 yes yes yes no yes yes no no no no policy revision contraction NA NA NA 412 2020 Kountouri, F; Kollias, A News Media Framing of the Anti-Austerity and Pro-Europe Movements During the Greek Referendum Protest Cycles
83 Germany National Election 2009 2009-09-01 2009-10-01 204306 2009 30 national national EU NA democracy yes yes NA yes election campaign reform no NA yes no no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 yes 30 yes yes no no no no no no no no policy revision no NA NA NA 83 2015 Jurgens, P; Jungherr, A The Use of Twitter during the 2009 German National Election
84 School Strike 4 Climate 2018 2019-03-15 2019-03-18 133747 2019 3 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Greta Thunberg yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no young 1.4 millions 0 0 0 0 0 no 208 no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 383 2020 Boulianne, S; Lalancette, M; Ilkiw, D School Strike 4 Climate: Social Media and the International Youth Protest on Climate Change
85 NFL Domestic Violence Controversy 2014 2014-09-08 2014-09-30 115031 2014 22 national transnational NA NA democracy yes yes Ray Rice, Janay Palmer no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 118 2016 Clark, R Hope in a hashtag: the discursive activism of #WhyIStayed
86 Blockupy Frankfurt 2015-03-18 2015-03-19 94707 2015 1 transnational transnational EU NA NA yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no yes other social groups 20000 280 150 0 0 350 yes 1 no no no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 147 2016 Neumayer, C; Rossi, L; Karlsson, B Contested Hashtags: Blockupy Frankfurt in Social Media
87 Blockupy Frankfurt 2015-03-18 2015-03-19 91969 2015 1 transnational transnational EU NA NA yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes yes no no no yes other social groups 20000 280 150 0 0 350 yes 1 no no no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 267 2018 Neumayer, C; Rossi, L Images of protest in social media: Struggle over visibility and visual narratives
88 UK Univeristy Occupation 2010 2010-11-24 2010-12-09 62181 2010 15 national national EU NA democracy yes yes Nick Clegg yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no young 50000 >52 18 0 0 242 no 30 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no policy revision contraction NA NA NA 30 2013 Theocharis, Y The Wealth of (Occupation) Networks? Communication Patterns and Information Distribution in a Twitter Protest Network
89 Bersih 3 Rally 2012-04-28 2012-04-29 59880 2012 1 transnational national AS NA semi-democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no general public 300000 60 20 0 0 512 yes 1 no no no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 320 2019 Johns, A; Cheong, N Feeling the Chill: Bersih 2.0, State Censorship, and Networked Affect on Malaysian Social Media 2012-2018
90 Fees Must Fall Campaign 2015 2015-10-20 2015-10-21 58009 2015 1 national national AF NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no yes no no no no young 5000 unclear unclear 0 0 45 no 23 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no policy revision contraction NA NA NA 170 2017 Bosch, T; Mutsvairo, B PICTURES, PROTESTS AND POLITICS: MAPPING TWITTER IMAGES DURING SOUTH AFRICA'S FEES MUST FALL CAMPAIGN
91 GrabYourWallet 2017-02-03 2017-02-09 56304 2017 6 transnational national GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Donald Trump no non-election campaign others no NA yes yes no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 134 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 541 2021 Zhou, A; Yang, AM The Longitudinal Dimension of Social-Mediated Movements: Hidden Brokerage and the Unsung Tales of Movement Spilloverers
92 #SaveDonbassPeople 2014-05-28 2014-06-12 50529 2014 15 transnational national EU NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA yes no no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 15 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 88 2015 Makhortykh, M; Lyebyedyev, Y SaveDonbassPeople: Twitter, Propaganda, and Conflict in Eastern Ukraine
93 Lega Nord Anti-Immigrant March 2014-10-01 2014-10-31 48385 2014 30 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no other social groups 40000 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 269 2018 Padovani, C Lega Nord and Anti-Immigration ism: The Importance of Hegemony Critique for Social Media Analysis and Protest
94 Saudi Women’s Movement for the Right to Drive 2011-05-01 2011-05-31 40790 2011 30 transnational national GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes non-election campaign reform yes NA yes no no yes no no women >1100 0 0 0 0 57 no 9822 yes no yes no yes no yes no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 546 2021 Khalil, A; Storie, LK Social media and connective action: The case of the Saudi women's movement for the right to drive
95 #UninstallGojek Movement 2018-10-12 2018-11-10 32163 2018 29 national national AS NA democracy no no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 29 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA no NA NA NA 508 2021 Oktavianus, J; Davidson, B; Guan, L Framing and counter-framing in online collective actions: the case of LGBT protests in a Muslim nation
96 Spanish Sceptical Movement 2017-02-13 2017-02-19 25777 2017 6 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign reform yes NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 295 2019 Cano-Oron, L A Twitter campaign against pseudoscience: The sceptical discourse on complementary therapies in Spain
97 G20 protest Pittsburgh 2009 2009-09-21 2009-09-29 22014 2009 8 national transnational NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest others no NA yes yes yes yes yes no general public >8000 unclear unclear 0 0 >198 no 7 yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 24 2013 Earl, J; Hurwitz, HM; Mesinas, AM; Tolan, M; Arlotti, A THIS PROTEST WILL BE TWEETED: Twitter and protest policing during the Pittsburgh G20
98 2011 Libyan Uprising 2011-02-17 2011-02-18 20147 2011 1 national national AF NA authoritarian yes yes al-Gaddafi yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes general public hundreds of thousands unclear unclear 500-700 >2 unclear no 25 no no no no yes yes no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 27 2013 Lindgren, S The Potential and Limitations of Twitter Activism: Mapping the 2011 Libyan Uprising
99 #NBCFail Movement 2014-02-07 2014-02-23 18582 2014 16 transnational local GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 yes 16 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 126 2016 Girginova, K New Media, Creativity, and the Olympics: A Case Study into the Use of #NBCFail During the Sochi Winter Games
100 Little India Riot 2013 2013-12-09 2013-12-15 17988 2013 6 local national AS NA authoritarian no no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no yes other social groups 400 62 43 0 0 40 no 1 no no no no yes yes yes no no no major policy change contraction NA NA NA 284 2019 Ahmed, S; Cho, J; Jaidka, K Framing social conflicts in news coverage and social media: A multicountry comparative study
101 Protest Akademikerball 2014 2014-01-23 2014-01-31 16863 2014 8 transnational local EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no other social groups 6000 22 5 0 0 12 yes 1 no no no no yes no yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 114 2016 Brantner, C; Rodriguez-Amat, JR New Danger Zone in Europe: Representations of Place in Social Media-Supported Protests
102 G20 Summit Protest Toronto 2010 2010-06-22 2010-07-03 12882 2010 11 national transnational NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest others no NA yes yes yes yes yes no general public 10000 136 97 0 0 1118 yes 11 yes yes no no yes yes yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 18 2012 Poell, T; Borra, E Twitter, YouTube, and Flickr as platforms of alternative journalism: The social media account of the 2010 Toronto G20 protests
103 NFL Boycott 2017-09-07 2017-09-14 11672 2017 7 national national NA NA democracy no yes Colin Kaepernick no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 321 2019 Johnson, O; Hall-Phillips, A; Chung, TL; Cho, H Are You Connected Through Consumption? The Role of Hashtags in Political Consumption
104 The 2020 Boogaloo Movement 2020-01-15 2020-01-25 10235 2020 10 national national NA NA democracy no no NA yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes other social groups 22000 unclear unclear unclear 2 >15 no ongoing no no no no yes no yes no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 547 2021 Wiggins, BE Boogaloo and Civil War 2: Memetic antagonism in expressions of covert activism
105 Anti-Fracking Movement 2013-10-13 2013-10-27 7364 2013 14 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA NA no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public NA unclear unclear 0 0 unclear yes ongoing yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes major policy change continue NA NA NA 79 2015 Hopke, JE Hashtagging Politics: Transnational Anti-Fracking Movement Twitter Practices
106 #WhiteProverbs Online Campaign 2014-01-05 2014-01-12 6988 2014 7 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 202 2017 Petray, TL; Collin, R Your Privilege Is Trending: Confronting Whiteness on Social Media
107 #CripTheVote Hashtag Campaign 2016-11-02 2016-11-08 4404 2016 6 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA no non-election campaign reform yes NA yes no no yes no no other social groups NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no no no no NA continue NA NA NA 259 2018 Mann, BW Rhetoric of Online Disability Activism: #CripTheVote and Civic Participation
108 2014 Moscow Peace March 2014-09-01 2014-09-20 2906 2014 19 national national EU NA authoritarian yes yes Putin yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no general public >27100 unclear unclear 0 0 0 no 1 yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions contraction NA NA NA 344 2019 Nikolayenko, O Framing and counter-framing a Peace March in Russia: the use of Twitter during a hybrid war
109 Anti-Masturbation Movement 2019-04-01 2019-04-30 1871 2019 29 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no men NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 464 2021 Burnett, S The Battle for NoFap: Myths, Masculinity, and the Meaning of Masturbation Abstention
110 #DeChief Movement 2014-04-01 2014-04-30 1319 2014 29 national national NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no radical minority >15 0 0 0 0 0 no unclear no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 129 2016 Hayhurst, LMC; Szto, C Corporatizating Activism Through Sport-Focused Social Justice? Investigating Nike's Corporate Responsibility Initiatives in Sport for Development and Peace
111 #Sealfie Online Campaign 2014-03-25 2014-03-27 88 2014 2 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no yes Ellen DeGeneres no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no radical minority NA 0 0 0 0 0 no unclear yes yes no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 254 2018 Knezevic, I; Pasho, J; Dobson, K Seal Hunts in Canada and on Twitter: Exploring the Tensions Between Indigenous Rights and Animal Rights with #Sealfie
112 Anti-Fascist Demonstration Sweden 2014 2014-03-09 2014-03-16 69 2014 7 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest others no NA yes no no yes no no general public 13000 0 0 0 0 0 no 8 yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 201 2017 Persson, G Love, Affiliation, and Emotional Recognition in #kampamalmo:- The Social Role of Emotional Language in Twitter Discourse
113 Rhodes Must Fall Campaign 2015-03-19 2015-03-23 37 2015 4 national national AF NA democracy yes yes Cecil Rhodes yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no young thousands 0 0 0 0 0 no 31 yes yes yes no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 169 2017 Bosch, T Twitter activism and youth in South Africa: the case of #RhodesMustFall
114 Boycott the St. Louis Rams 2014-11-30 2014-12-01 12 2014 1 national local NA NA democracy no yes The five African American St. Louis Rams players no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 1 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA no NA NA NA 153 2016 Sanderson, J; Frederick, E; Stocz, M When Athlete Activism Clashes With Group Values: Social Identity Threat Management via Social Media
115 Public Consultation for Catalonia Independence 2014 2014-11-01 2014-11-09 0 2014 8 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes election campaign revolutionary no NA yes no no no no no general public 2305290 0 0 0 0 0 yes 8 no no no no yes no yes no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 188 2017 Iveson, M Gendered dimensions of Catalan nationalism and identity construction on Twitter
116 #EndSARS Protest 2010-10-11 2020-10-20 108363734 2010 3662 national national AF NA authoritarian no yes Daniel Chibuike yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no yes general public ten of thousands >>57 unclear 69 18 unclear no 19 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no policy revision contraction NA NA NA 471 2021 Dambo, TH; Ersoy, M; Auwal, AM; Olorunsola, VO; Saydam, MB Office of the citizen: a qualitative analysis of Twitter activity during the Lekki shooting in Nigeria's #EndSARS protests
117 #MeToo Movement 2017-10-15 2019-08-24 16538106 2017 678 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 unclear no ongoing yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes major policy change continue NA NA NA 400 2020 Dragotto, F; Giomi, E; Melchiorre, SM Putting women back in their place. Reflections on slut-shaming, the case Asia Argento and Twitter in Italy
118 Ukraine Crisis 2013-14 2013-11-21 2014-03-01 127882238 2013 100 national national EU NA democracy yes yes Viktor Yanukovych yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes general public 1.05 millions 2200 300 421 13 374 no 93 no no no no yes yes yes no no no regime change continue NA NA NA 293 2019 Brantly, AF From Cyberspace to Independence Square: Understanding the Impact of Social Media on Physical Protest Mobilization During Ukraine's Euromaidan Revolution
119 Ferguson Movement 2014 2014-08-09 2015-08-11 27395302 2014 367 transnational national GLOBAL NA NA no yes Michael Brown yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no yes radical minority thousands 16 6 0 0 321 no 367 yes yes no no yes yes yes yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 121 2016 Cowart, HS; Saunders, LM; Blackstone, GE Picture a Protest: Analyzing Media Images Tweeted From Ferguson
120 Pakistan Protests 2019 2019-10-20 2019-11-20 15491251 2019 31 national national AS NA democracy yes yes Imran Khan yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no men hundreds of thousands 0 0 0 0 0 no 18 no no no no no no no yes yes yes fail continue NA NA NA 454 2021 Ashfaq, M; Shahid, NUA; Zubair, J New media and political protest: Framing analysis of news content on Twitter
121 Barcelona Anti-Tourism Movement 2017-01-01 2018-09-30 67892886 2017 637 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no yes general public thousands 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no no no no major policy change continue NA NA NA 405 2020 Garay, L; Morales, S; Wilson, J Tweeting the right to the city: digital protest and resistance surrounding the Airbnb effect
122 Black Lives Matter 2014-01-01 2020-06-09 427819418 2014 2351 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA yes non-election campaign reform no NA no no no yes no no religious groups 26 millions unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes yes no no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 186 2017 Ince, J; Rojas, F; Davis, CA The social media response to Black Lives Matter: how Twitter users interact with Black Lives Matter through hashtag use
123 NFL Boycott 2016-08-14 2018-05-30 557484373 2016 654 national national NA NA democracy no yes Colin Kaepernick no non-election campaign others no NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes other reactions continue NA NA NA 538 2021 Yan, G; Pegoraro, A; Watanabe, NM Examining IRA Bots in the NFL Anthem Protest: Political Agendas and Practices of Digital Gatekeeping
124 Climate Change 2011-15 2011-01-01 2015-12-31 38766480 2011 1825 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others no NA no no yes no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 437 2020 Thorson, K; Wang, LP Committed Participation or Flashes of Action? Mobilizing Public Attention to Climate on Twitter, 2011-2015
125 Feminism 2012-14 2012-12-01 2014-05-31 36084780 2012 546 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA no no NA no others others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 253 2018 Kirkwood, S; Cree, V; Winterstein, D; Nuttgens, A; Sneddon, J Encountering #Feminism on Twitter: Reflections on a Research Collaboration between Social Scientists and Computer Scientists
126 #WikiLeaks 2010-05-01 2010-06-30 2787 2010 60 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes yes Julian Assange no non-election campaign others no NA yes no no no no no other social groups NA 0 0 0 0 unclear no 5506 no no no no yes no yes yes yes yes NA contraction NA NA NA 5 2011 Lindgren, S; Lundstrom, R Pirate culture and hacktivist mobilization: The cultural and social protocols of #WikiLeaks on Twitter
127 England University Tuition Fees Protest 2011 2011-10-08 2011-11-21 318 2011 44 national national EU NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no young 30000 0 0 0 0 26 yes 7 no no no no yes no yes no no no fail contraction NA NA NA 59 2014 Tinati, R; Halford, S; Carr, L; Pope, C Big Data: Methodological Challenges and Approaches for Sociological Analysis
128 #iamafeminist in South Korea 2015-02-10 2015-05-10 0 2015 89 national national AS NA democracy no no NA no non-election campaign others yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 89 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 192 2017 Kim, J #iamafeminist as the mother tag: feminist identification and activism against misogyny on Twitter in South Korea
129 ‘Take Back The Tech!’ 2012-01-01 2014-12-31 4 2012 1095 transnational transnational GLOBAL NA NA yes no NA no non-election campaign reform yes NA no no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 200 2017 Pavan, E The integrative power of online collective action networks beyond protest. Exploring social media use in the process of institutionalization
130 Sámi Anti-Mining Protests 2013 2013-06-05 2014-01-25 7965 2013 234 transnational local EU NA NA NA no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no radical minority hundreds 1 0 0 0 10 no ongoing no no no no yes no yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 193 2017 Lindgren, S; Cocq, C Turning the inside out: Social media and the broadcasting of indigenous discourse
131 Moral Monday Protests 2013 2013-04-29 2013-06-03 2510 2013 35 national local NA NA democracy yes no NA yes protest reform no NA yes no yes yes no no general public 80000 0 0 0 0 924 no 438 no no no no yes no yes no no no NA continue NA NA NA 275 2018 Schradie, J Moral Monday Is More Than a Hashtag: The Strong Ties of Social Movement Emergence in the Digital Era
132 No al TTIP Movement 2018-06-01 2018-10-31 191 2018 152 national transnational EU NA democracy yes no NA yes non-election campaign reform no NA yes yes no no no no general public unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear unclear no ongoing yes yes yes no no no no no no no other reactions continue NA NA NA 292 2019 Bouza, L; Oleart, A; Tunon, J Framing EU trade policy online: the case of @NoAlTTIP on Twitter
133 Flint Water Crisis 2016-01-01 2016-12-31 5023 2016 365 local local NA NA democracy no no NA no others others yes NA no no no yes no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no unclear no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA no NA NA NA 339 2019 Moors, MR What is Flint? Place, storytelling, and social media narrative reclamation during the Flint water crisis
134 #SupportIslandWomen Pro-Choice Movement 2016-01-01 2016-04-30 4716 2016 120 local local NA NA democracy yes no NA yes non-election campaign reform no NA no no no yes no no other social groups hundreds 0 0 0 0 0 no 1508 yes yes yes no no no no no no no major policy change continue NA NA NA 342 2019 Myles, D Anne goes rogue for abortion rights!': Hashtag feminism and the polyphonic nature of activist discourse
135 NOTAP Movement 2017 2017-06-01 2017-08-31 3690 2017 91 national national EU NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA no no yes no no no general public 1000 unclear unclear 0 0 92 no ongoing no no no no yes yes yes no no no fail contraction NA NA NA 303 2019 Di Ronco, A; Allen-Robertson, J; South, N Representing environmental harm and resistance on Twitter: The case of the TAP pipeline in Italy
136 #EndMaleGuardianship Campaign 2016-12-01 2017-07-05 376 2016 216 national national AS NA authoritarian yes no NA no non-election campaign reform yes NA no no no yes no no women 14000 0 0 0 0 0 no 216 yes yes yes no no no no no no no policy revision continue NA NA NA 359 2019 Thorsen, E; Sreedharan, C #EndMaleGuardianship: Women's rights, social media and the Arab public sphere
137 ‘Free Bassel’ Online Campaign 2012-06-29 2013-03-20 5608 2012 264 transnational national GLOBAL NA NA no yes Bassel Khartabil no non-election campaign reform no NA yes no no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 1854 no no no no no no no yes yes yes fail continue NA NA NA 364 2019 Wang, R; Chu, KH Networked publics and the organizing of collective action on Twitter: Examining the #Freebassel campaign
138 The Candlelight Movement 2016-11-05 2017-04-02 237 2016 148 national national AS NA democracy no yes Park Geun-hye yes protest reform no NA yes no no no no no general public 2.3 millions 59 4 0 0 unclear no 136 yes yes yes yes no no no no no no regime change no NA NA NA 386 2020 Chae, YG; Cho, J; Cho, I Repertoires, identities, and issues of collective action in the candlelight movement of South Korea
139 Jadavpur University Student Movement 2014 2014-08-28 2015-01-31 9421 2014 156 national local AS NA democracy no no NA yes protest reform no NA no no no yes no no young 100000 40 unclear 0 0 37 no 131 no no no no yes yes no no no no other reactions no NA NA NA 397 2020 Dey, S Let There Be Clamor: Exploring the Emergence of a New Public Sphere in India and Use of Social Media as an Instrument of Activism
140 The Wolf Pack 2018-06-21 2019-06-29 6 2018 373 national local EU NA democracy no yes 5 men in 'Wolf Pack' case no non-election campaign reform no NA yes no no yes no no women NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 126 yes yes yes no no no no no no no major policy change continue NA NA NA 479 2021 Garcia-Mingo, E; Blanco, PP #SisterIdobelieveyou: Performative hashtags against patriarchal justice in Spain
141 2011 Egyptian Revolution 2011-01-01 2013-08-31 2342210 2011 973 national national AF NA authoritarian yes yes Khaled Mohamed Saeed, Hosni Mubarak yes protest revolutionary no NA yes no no no no yes general public 2 millions 6467 unclear 846 unclear 12000 no 17 yes yes yes no yes yes yes no no no regime change continue NA NA NA 68 2015 Boyraz, M; Krishnan, A; Catona, D Who Is Retweeted in Times of Political Protest? An Analysis of Characteristics of Top Tweeters and Top Retweeted Users During the 2011 Egyptian Revolution
142 Mexico President Election Protest 2011-12 2011-12-01 2012-05-31 25 2011 182 national national NA NA democracy no yes Enrique Peña Nieto no election campaign others yes NA yes no no no no no general public NA 0 0 0 0 0 no 210 no no no no no no no yes yes yes NA continue NA NA NA 100 2015 Sandoval-Almazan, R Using Twitter in Political Campaigns: The Case of the PRI Candidate in Mexico
143